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Kinematic and sedimentological evolution of the Manyara Rift in northern Tanzania, East Africa

UWE RING^*,, HILDE L. SCHWARTZ, TIMOTHY G. BROMAGE and CHARLES SANAANE^¶

^* Institut fur Geowissenschaften, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität, 55099 Mainz, Germany
Department of Earth Sciences, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY 10010, USA
^¶ P.O. Muhimbili University, Box 65453, Dar-es-Salaam, Tanzania

Author for correspondence: ring{at}uni-mainz.de

We describe the stratigraphical/sedimentological and structural evolution of the Manyara Rift in the Tanzania Divergence Zone, East Africa. The rift-related Manyara Beds on the shoaling side of the Manyara Rift were deposited between <1.7 and 0.4 Ma and can be separated into a lacustrine lower member and a fluvial upper member. The transition from lacustrine to fluvial sedimentation at ~ 0.7 Ma appears to be related to a southward shift of major rift faulting. Fault geometry and the kinematics of the faults are consistent with major faulting during NE/E-directed extension. There is also evidence for other extensional directions including radial extension, which might be caused by magmatic activity and/or might reflect oblate strain symmetry where the East African Rift propagated into the Archaean Tanzania Craton and associated termination of rifting caused an increase in the strained area.

Key Words: sedimentology • faults • kinematic analysis • extension • East African Rift

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